Quarterly Social & Religious Research Journal NOOR-E-MARFAT

Urdu Editorial

Dr. Muhammad Hasnain Chishti — 2025-04-19

اب پ

Editorial

Dr. Muhammad Hasnain Chishti — 2025-04-19

قرآن کے متن پر مستشرقین کے چند تبصروں کا تنقیدی جائزہ

Mrs. Mohaddisah Zainab — 2025-04-19

It is the belief of all Muslims that the Holy Quran is a revealed book whose text has not been edited by any human being. Rather, it is the word of God that was revealed to the Holy Prophet through revelation. Contrary to this general belief of Muslims, some Orientalists have tried to prove in their research that the text of the Qur'an is not the revelation; rather, it is a book that has gone through several stages in its editing. They also claim that the Quran’s text is quoted from pre-Quran holy texts.

In this paper an attempt has been made to examine how orientalists use a specific method of analysis "Historical Criticism", while evaluation of the text of the Qur'an and what conclusions have they drawn from their criticism. This paper concludes that the method under which the Orientalists have tried to research the text of the Qur'an is, in fact, incorrect in itself because it can not be applied to the text of the Testaments and not to the text of the Qur'an. According to this paper, the revelatory status of the Qur'an has been not only weakened, but also strengthened by Orientalist research and studies on its text.

جدید اسلامی تہذیب کی تشکیل میں علمیات کی اہمیت اور کردار

Dr. Kausar Ali — 2025-04-19

In the present era, the problem of reconstruction of a modern Islamic civilization is one of the most important challenging issue for Islamic thinkers. Despite being the heir to a great scientific and culturally rich heritage, possessing valuable land resources and having the youngest manpower, the Islamic world is unable to reconstruct a desired modern Islamic civilization. Under such circumstances, Allama Iqbal presented the solution of the problem of the formation of a modern Islamic civilization before the well-known scholars, thinkers of sub-continent. With his philosophical foresight, he mentioned the current and near future scientific, philosophical, political, social and educational problems and presented a comprehensive theoretical and practical philosophy solution.

On the other hand, as a result of Imam Ghazali's ideas, both rationality and empiricism were abandoned in Islamic society, additionally due to the lack of scientific standards for Sufi observations, hundreds of Sufi schools emerged that only preach peace, but their role in collective progress and perfection is not visible.
This article is a detailed discussion about the topic and it concludes that if it is established a comprehensive epistemology, we will soon be able to lay the foundation stone of a desired Islamic civilization.

امام مہدی ع کے بارے میں جاوید احمد غامدی کے نظریے کا تحلیلی جائزہ

Dr. Ghulam Abbas — 2025-04-19

Almost all Muslim believe in the appearance of the Imam Mahdi (a.s.) in the end of time in the light of Holy Qur'an and authentic. But, Javed Ahmed Ghamdi -a researcher of the 21st century- denies this theory declaring it as a baseless belief. One of his arguments for this denial is that there is not mention of Imam Mahdi (a.s.) in the Quran. Moreover, from his standpoint, all the traditions that have been narrated about Imam Mahdi (a.s.) are fabricated.

Thirdly, some authentic a hadiths in this regard, apply to Umar bin Abdulaziz and the Holy Prophet's prophecy about Imam Mahdi (AS) has been fulfilled letter by letter and there is no need to wait for Imam Mahdi.

This article evaluates this theory of Ghamdi in accoredence with the principles accepted by himself. It has been approven that his standpoint is against the Holy Qur'an. It is also rationally counterintuitive and self contradictory.

سیکھنے کی ماہیت پر نظر ثانی؛ اہمیت اور ضرورت

Mohib Raza — 2025-04-19

Learning is a continuous process in human life that begins at birth and continues until death. The core focus of this paper is to examine whether contemporary taxonomies of learning align their objectives and outcomes with this ultimate goal, or if they require revision to establish a comprehensive methodology, rooted in theoretical foundations and purposeful objectives. Such a methodology would enable humans, through formal or informal learning, to fully develop their existential potentials and progress toward the true and ultimate purpose of their lives.

تأثير الافتراضات المسبقة على الفهم: نظرة مقارنة بين الهرمنيوطيقا وأصول الفهم العقلائية

Muhammad Ali Fazal — 2025-04-19

يتناول البحث مفهوم "الأحكام المسبقة" أو "الافتراضات المسبقة" وتأثيرها على عملية الفهم، مع مقارنة بين منهجية الهرمنيوطيقا الفلسفية وأصول الفهم العقلائية. يُركز على أهمية الوصول إلى فهم صحيح للنصوص، مع استعراض الآراء الفلسفية والفكرية المتعلقة بتأثير هذه الافتراضات، ومدى ضرورتها أو عرقلتها لتحقيق فهم دقيق.

في السياق الهرمنيوطيقي، يرى غادامر أن الافتراضات المسبقة ليست عقبة أمام الفهم، بل هي جزء لا يتجزأ منه، لأنها تشكل الإطار الذي يُبنى عليه الفهم. ويؤكد أن التخلص الكامل من هذه الافتراضات أمر مستحيل وغير مرغوب فيه، إذ إنها تساعد في التفاعل مع النصوص وفهمها. من جهته، يوضح هايدغر أن الإنسان لا يستطيع أن يتحرر من تأثير السياقات التاريخية والاجتماعية على فهمه.

على الجانب الآخر، يطرح علم أصول الفقه مفهوم "الظهور النوعي" كوسيلة لضبط تأثير الأحكام المسبقة، عبر الاعتماد على قواعد لغوية وأصولية لفهم النصوص الشرعية. كما يشير إلى أهمية المعرفة التاريخية، والاجتهاد، والالتزام بأخلاقيات التفسير لتجنب تأثير الميول الشخصية.

يُبرز البحث أهمية تحقيق التوازن بين الافتراضات المسبقة الإيجابية التي تدعم الفهم، وتجنب السلبية التي تؤدي إلى التشويش. كما يعرض استراتيجيات للتعامل مع الافتراضات، مثل تطبيق القواعد الأصولية، وضمان محورية النصوص.

في الختام، يدعو البحث إلى تكامل المنهجين الأساسي والهرمنيوطيقي لتحقيق فهم أعمق وأكثر موضوعية، مع التركيز على تطهير الافتراضات وتعزيز الانفتاح الفكري، مما يُسهم في تحسين عملية التفسير.

Unilateral Economic Sanctions and their Impacts on Human Rights: Case Study of US Sanctions on Iran

Syed Fraz Hussain Naqvi — 2025-04-19

Unilateral sanctions have long been a debated topic in international law. The proponents of unilateral sanctions argue that such mechanisms are the part of restrictive measures that are necessary to prevent the belligerents and pariah states from creating instability in the international order. However, the other section believes that unilateral sanctions are, in fact, contradictory to international law and human rights as they fundamentally target the common citizens. This article is, therefore, an attempt to discuss the aspects of unilateral sanctions and international law. The article would utilize the qualitative research methodology by taking the case study of Iran. Iran has been under sanctions since its revolution. While the UN sanctions were removed after JCPOA, the US sanctions still persist. Hence, it is imperative to understand the dynamics and purpose of US sanctions on Iran. The article would, therefore, examine the success and failure of US sanctions on Iran and its consequences on the Iranian population. Lastly, the article would also discuss the implications of US sanctions on the US policy itself that whether the sanctions assisted the US in consolidating its position in the Middle East or they backfired.